Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study population
From: Dietary niacin intake in relation to depression among adults: a population-based study
| Â | Non-depression | Depression | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Number of subjects (%) | 14,854(92.27%) | 1244(7.72%) | |
Age (year) |  |  | < 0.001 |
20–44 | 6977(48.56) | 589(49.58) |  |
45–59 | 3649(28.78) | 371(34.93) |  |
≥ 60 | 4228(22.66) | 284(15.49) |  |
Sex (%) |  |  | < 0.0001 |
Male | 8097(52.97) | 483(40.81) | Â |
Female | 6757(47.03) | 761(59.19) | Â |
Race (%) |  |  | < 0.001 |
Non-Hispanic White | 6886(70.91) | 546(64.66) | Â |
Non-Hispanic Black | 2962(9.86) | 267(12.78) | Â |
Mexican American | 2058(7.57) | 174(7.78) | Â |
Other Hispanic | 1400(4.75) | 165(7.93) | Â |
Other race | 1548(6.91) | 92(6.84) | Â |
Marital status (%) |  |  | < 0.0001 |
Married | 9088(63.70) | 548(45.45) | Â |
Living alone | 2794 (16.02) | 387(27.77) | Â |
Never married | 2972(20.28) | 309(26.77) | Â |
Education (%) |  |  | < 0.0001 |
<High school | 1063(3.41) | 130(5.64) | Â |
High school | 5069(29.82) | 571(42.21) | Â |
>High school | 8722(66.77) | 543(52.15) | Â |
Family income (%) |  |  | < 0.0001 |
Low | 4207(19.15) | 670(42.60) | Â |
Medium | 5494(33.59) | 387(33.46) | Â |
High | 5153(47.26) | 187(23.93) | Â |
Smoking (%) |  |  | < 0.0001 |
Never | 8350(56.13) | 487(38.55) | Â |
Current | 2906(18.71) | 499(41.34) | Â |
Former | 3598(25.16) | 258(20.11) | Â |
Drinking (%) |  |  | < 0.0001 |
Never | 1813(9.60) | 137(8.26) | Â |
Current | 10,809(78.12) | 847(73.30) | Â |
Former | 2232(12.28) | 260(18.44) | Â |
Physical activity (%) | Â | Â | 0.03 |
No | 80(0.54) | 15(0.96) | Â |
Low | 8512(57.06) | 750(61.55) | Â |
High | 6262(42.41) | 479(37.49) | Â |
Body mass index (%) |  |  | < 0.0001 |
< 25 kg/m2 | 4568(32.23) | 326(27.79) |  |
25 to < 30 kg/m2 | 5073(34.58) | 331(28.22) |  |
≥ 30 kg/m2 | 5213(33.19) | 587(44.00) |  |
Diabetes (%) | 1466(7.07) | 191(11.98) | < 0.0001 |
Hypertension (%) | 4688(27.97) | 530(38.07) | < 0.0001 |
Total energy (kcal) mean (SE) | 2231.78(12.13) | 2099.67(42.53) | 0.035 |
Niacin (mg) mean (SE) | 26.99(0.18) | 25.14(0.76) | 0.02 |
n-3 fatty acids (mg) mean (SE) | 104.41(3.68) | 81.40(16.40) | 0.01 |
n-6 fatty acids (g) mean (SE) | 17.26(0.14) | 15.87(0.45) | 0.004 |
Folate (ug) mean (SE) | 558.06 (4.95) | 497.15 (15.15) | < 0.001 |
Zinc(mg) mean (SE) | 12.10 (0.10) | 10.49 (0.29) | < 0.0001 |