A phubbing scale tested in Bangladesh, Iran, and Pakistan: confirmatory factor, network, and Rasch analyses

BMC Psychiatry

Table 3 Confirmatory factor analysis fit indices and internal consistency for the 8-item Phubbing Scale

	N	Female	Male	Age: Mean (SD)	χ² (df)	CFI	TLI	RMSEA (95%CI)	SRMR	α	ω
One-factor structure
Iran	702	356 (50.7%)	336 (47.9%)	33.25 (8.70)	79.335 (20)	0.979	0.971	0.065 (0.050–0.080)	0.062	0.841	0.836
Bangladesh	534	270 (50.6%)	259 (48.5%)	22.69 (4.58)	153.857 (20)	0.948	0.928	0.112 (0.096–0.129)	0.094	0.847	0.845
Pakistan	666	331 (49.7%)	334 (50.2%)	21.77 (2.50)	369.027 (20)	0.905	0.866	0.162 (0.148–0.177)	0.132	0.856	0.861
All countries	1902	957	928	26.3 (8.1)	524.025 (20)	0.943	0.920	0.115 (0.107–0.141)	0.094	0.846	0.841
Two-factor structure
Iran	702	356 (50.7%)	336 (47.9%)	33.25 (8.70)	27.122 (19)	0.997	0.996	0.025 (0.000-0.044)	0.038	0.843/0.718	0.844/0.724
Bangladesh	534	270 (50.6%)	259 (48.5%)	22.69 (4.58)	37.208 (19)	0.993	0.990	0.042 (0.021–0.062)	0.047	0.845/0.781	0.844/0.792
Pakistan	666	331 (49.7%)	334 (50.2%)	21.77 (2.50)	129.415 (19)	0.970	0.956	0.093 (0.079–0.109)	0.076	0.844/0.848	0.845/0.852
All countries	1902	957	928	26.3 (8.1)	140.240 (19)	0.986	0.980	0.058 (0.049–0.067)	0.049	0.841/0.784	0.841/0.788

df = degree of freedom; CFI = comparative fit index; TLI = Tucker-Lewis index; RMSEA = root mean square residual of approximation; SRMR = standardized root mea square error; α = Cronbach’s α; ω = McDonald’s ω

ISSN: 1471-244X