Table 1 Demographics and clinical features of schizophrenia patients with or without vitamin D insufficiency

Age (years)

43.13 ± 10.17

42.51 ± 10.08

44.09 ± 10.34

-0.819

0.415

Female (%)

46 (38.98%)

31 (43.06%)

15 (32.61%)

1.288

0.256

Education (years)

9.56 ± 2.91

9.65 ± 2.97

9.41 ± 2.83

-0.4

0.689

BMI (kg/m²)

24.58 ± 3.80

24.37 ± 3.68

24.90 ± 4.00

-0.728

0.468

Antipsychotic dose (mg/day)

733.82 ± 318.95

761.50 ± 319.77

690.49 ± 316.25

-1.4

0.161

Using Benzhexol

63 (53.39%)

40 (55.56%)

23 (50.00%)

0.348

0.555

Using benzodiazepines

6 (5.08%)

3 (4.17%)

3 (6.52%)

——

0.677^a

Duration of illness (years)

PANSS

17.19 ± 9.75

16.88 ± 10.00

17.67 ± 9.45

-0.4

0.689

Positive symptom

14.39 ± 4.85

14.29 ± 4.02

15.48 ± 4.71

-1.459

0.145

Negative symptom

16.89 ± 6.24

17.32 ± 5.84

17.33 ± 5.53

-0.058

0.954

General psychopathology

32.29 ± 6.36

31.56 ± 5.77

33.44 ± 7.09

-1.213

0.225

Total score

64.36 ± 13.16

63.17 ± 12.01

66.24 ± 14.73

-1.065

0.225

FBG (mmol/l)

5.20 ± 1.22

5.06 ± 0.74

5.42 ± 1.71

-0.757

0.449

TC (mmol/l)

4.46 ± 0.94

4.38 ± 0.92

4.58 ± 0.97

-1.3

0.194

TG (mmol/l)

1.76 ± 1.22

1.60 ± 0.75

2.00 ± 1.69

-0.767

0.443

LDL (mmol/l)

2.60 ± 0.81

2.57 ± 0.80

2.70 ± 0.90

-0.788

0.432

HDL (mmol/l)

0.95 ± 0.20

0.96 ± 0.21

0.93 ± 0.18

0.731

0.466