Table 3 Multivariate logistic regression analysis of independent factors association with self-reported depressive symptoms

None/Normal [Ref]

-

-

Moderate/Serious

2.44 (1.82, 3.26)***

1.60 (1.27, 2.02)***

Confounders

Sociodemographics

Age

 18–34 [Ref]

-

-

 35–49

0.51 (0.32, 0.83)**

0.77 (0.54, 1.10)

 50–64

0.41 (0.26, 0.65)***

0.60 (0.42, 0.86)***

 65–74

0.24 (0.14, 0.41)***

0.28 (0.18, 0.43)****

 75+

0.15 (0.07, 0.30)***

0.41 (0.24, 0.69)***

Race/Ethnicity

 Non-Hispanic White [Ref]

-

-

 Non-Hispanic Asian

1.02 (0.55,1.87)

0.58 (0.30, 1.13)

 Non-Hispanic Black/African American

0.81 (0. 51, 1.31)

0.69 (0.49, 0.98)*

 Hispanic/Latino

0.84 (0.57, 1.25)

1.0 4 (0.76, 1.41)

 Non-Hispanic Other/Multi-Racial

1.70 (0.85, 3.38)

1.63 (0.92, 2.89)

Marital Status

 Single/Never Married [Ref]

-

-

 Married/living as Married

1.02 (0.67, 1.54)

1.03 (0.74, 1.42)

 Divorced/Separated

1.67 (0.85, 3.29)

1.12 (0.70, 1.78)

 Widowed

1.39 (0.85, 2.28)

1.26 (0.87, 1.84)

Sexual Orientation

 Heterosexual/Straight [Ref]

-

-

 Bisexual

3.02 (1.14, 7.98)*

3.85 (1.22, 3.98)**

 Homosexual/Gay/Lesbian

2.31 (1.19, 4.49)*

2.06 (1.14, 5.65)*

Socioeconomics

Level of Education

 Less than High School [Ref]

-

-

 High School Graduate

1.05 (0.56, 1.95)

0.97 (0.59, 1.59)

 Some College

0.89 (0.48, 1.60)

0.86 (0.5 3, 1.39)

 College Graduate/more

0.75 (0.40, 1.38)

0.95 (0.58, 1.55)

Employment status

 Yes [Ref]

-

-

 No

1.56 (1.08, 2.25)*

0.99 (1.00, 1.69)

Household Income

 <$20,000 [Ref]

-

-

 $20,000 to <$35,000

0.57 (0.32, 0.99)*

0.75 (0.51, 1.10)

 $35,000 to <$50,000

0.57 (0.33, 0.98)*

0.58 (0.38, 0.85)**

 $50,000 to <$75,000

0.62 (0.38, 1.04)

0.62 (0.42, 0.92)*

 ≥$75,000

0.48 (0.29, 0.79)**

0.40 (0.27, 0.60)***

Health Insurance

 Yes [Ref]

-

-

 No

0.72 (0.38, 1.37)

0.73 (0.45, 1.19)

Health Behavior

Smoke status

 Never [Ref]

-

-

 Current

1.37 (0.90, 2.08)

1.65 (1.15, 2.35)**

 Former

1.42 (1.02, 1.96)*

1.37 (1.04, 1.79)*