Table 1 Descriptive statistics, category response distributions and factor loadings derived from the confirmatory factor analysis of the one-factor model of the VIS and VIS-SF in the total sample

1. … killing someone I know

411 (71.2%)

71 (12.3%)

76 (13.2%)

17 (2.9%)

2 (0.3%)

1.49 (0.86)

0.71

0.70

2. … using violence to get back at someone who harmed me

321 (55.6%)

104 (18.0%)

111 (19.2%)

31 (5.4%)

10 (1.7%)

1.80 (1.04)

0.78

0.80

3. … severely injuring someone I dislike

354 (61.4%)

97 (16.8%)

91 (15.8%)

28 (4.9%)

7 (1.2%)

1.68 (0.99)

0.82

0.82

4. … beating up a stranger for no particular reason

407 (70.5%)

71 (12.3%)

73 (12.7%)

19 (3.3%)

7 (1.2%)

1.52 (0.92)

0.73

5. … killing someone who insulted my family or friends

374 (64.8%)

82 (14.2%)

83 (14.4%)

30 (5.2%)

8 (1.4%)

1.64 (1.00)

0.78

0.80

6. … humiliating someone I despise

339 (58.8%)

105 (18.2%)

99 (17.2%)

26 (4.5%)

8 (1.4%)

1.72 (0.99)

0.80

7. … killing a person close to me who humiliated or offended me

405 (70.2%)

63 (10.9%)

83 (14.4%)

20 (3.5%)

6 (1.0%)

1.54 (0.93)

0.78

0.77

8. … humiliating someone weaker than me

405 (70.2%)

74 (12.8%)

75 (13.0%)

20 (3.5%)

3 (0.5%)

1.51 (0.88)

0.71

9. … using violence to get back at someone who harmed a person close to me

356 (61.7%)

84 (14.6%)

99 (17.2%)

31 (5.4%)

7 (1.2%)

1.70 (1.01)

0.87

0.87

10. … beating up someone I find totally repulsive

376 (65.2%)

101 (17.5%)

79 (13.7%)

17 (2.9%)

4 (0.7%)

1.57 (0.88)

0.75

0.76

11. … causing someone intense pain

375 (65.0%)

83 (14.4%)

85 (14.7%)

29 (5.0%)

5 (0.9%)

1.62 (0.97)

0.83

12. … beating someone to a pulp because they made me truly angry

397 (68.8%)

78 (13.5%)

69 (12.0%)

27 (4.7%)

6 (1.0%)

1.56 (0.95)

0.81