Table 2 Group comparisons of global Pittsburgh-Sleep-Quality-Index (PSQI) scores and subscales
From: Sleep pathology and use of anabolic androgen steroids among male weightlifters in Norway
Variable | WLC, N = 581 | AAS, N = 681 | Test Statistic | p-value2 | η2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Global PSQI | 4.34 (2.36) | 6.85 (3.42) | 19 | < 0.001 | 0.141 |
Sleep quality | 0.90 (0.67) | 1.22 (0.67) | 7.7 | 0.005 | 0.054 |
Sleep latency | 0.98 (0.81) | 1.24 (1.04) | 1.6 | 0.2 | 0.005 |
Sleep duration | 0.47 (0.60) | 0.87 (0.96) | 4.9 | 0.026 | 0.032 |
Sleep efficiency | 0.31 (0.60) | 0.71 (1.01) | 5.1 | 0.024 | 0.033 |
Sleep disturbances | 1.00 (0.42) | 1.22 (0.51) | 6.4 | 0.012 | 0.043 |
Sleep medication | 0.10 (0.48) | 0.69 (1.05) | 17 | < 0.001 | 0.133 |
Daytime dysfunction | 0.59 (0.59) | 0.91 (0.75) | 6.1 | 0.014 | 0.041 |
Global PSQI > 5 | 20 (34%) | 49 (72%) | < 0.001 |