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Table 2 Unadjusted bivariate linear regression models of characteristics associated with change scores from baseline to Week 8 in depressive symptoms among those with clinically elevated levels of baseline depressive symptoms: PHQ-8 ≥ 10

From: Demographic and clinical characteristics associated with anxiety and depressive symptom outcomes in users of a digital mental health intervention incorporating a relational agent

Characteristics of Interest

PHQ-8: Week 8 Change Scores

Estimates

95% CI

p-value

Use of W-MA-02 in at least 4 of 8 weeks

2.90

0.51, 5.40

0.02

Age

0.03

-0.05, 0.12

0.40

Race/Ethnicity

 Non-Hispanic White

Reference Level

 Non-Hispanic Black

-6.00

-8.30, -3.70

< 0.01

 Other

0.02

-2.80, 2.90

> 0.90

Sex at Birth

 Male

Reference Level

 Female

2.70

0.09, 5.30

0.04

Sexual Orientation:

 Heterosexual

Reference Level

 Sexual Minority

5.60

2.60, 8.60

< 0.01

Education

 High School

Reference Level

 College Degree

-1.90

-5.60, 1.80

0.30

 Graduate or postgraduate degree

-0.68

-4.40, 3.10

0.70

 Some college or technical school

1.10

-3.10, 5.30

0.60

Employment

 Full Time

Reference Level

 Not Employed

2.40

-0.36, 5.20

0.09

 Other

3.10

-0.49, 6.80

0.09

 Part Time Employed

3.60

-0.32, 7.40

0.07

Marital Status

 Married/Partnered/Cohabiting

Reference Level

 Divorced/Separated/Widowed

-2.20

-6.20, 1.70

0.30

 Single

-4.10

-6.60, -1.70

< 0.01

Health Insurance:

 No Insurance/Prefer not to answer

Reference Level

 Government based Insurance

6.90

4.20, 9.70

< 0.01

 Private Insurance

7.50

4.80, 10.00

< 0.01

BL Depressive Symptom Severity

 Moderate

Reference Level

 Moderate-Severe

-1.10

-3.20, 1.00

0.30

 Severe

-9.30

-12.00, -7.00

< 0.01

BL Anxiety Symptom Severity

 Minimal

Reference Level

 Mild

-1.60

-9.50, 6.20

0.70

 Moderate

-2.10

-9.90, 5.70

0.60

 Severe

-7.10

-15.00, 0.71

0.07

 Concurrent Mental Health Treatmenta

3.20

0.94, 5.40

< 0.01

  1. BL baseline, PHQ-8 Patient Health Questionnaire-8 item scale
  2. a Concurrent mental health treatment = any psychotherapy or psychotropic medication use at any time during the study