Table 2 Independent determinants of opium use in Tehran Cohort Study

Age

1.002

0.991–1.013

0.75

Gender

 Female

Reference

 Male

12.101

7.562–19.367

< 0.001

Ethnicity

 Fars

Reference

 Azari

0.750

0.580–0.970

0.028

 Other

0.946

0.715–1.251

0.695

Marital status

 Single

Reference

 Married

1.178

0.263–5.287

0.831

 Other

1.620

0.309–8.497

0.568

Education years

 Illiterate

Reference

 1–5 years

0.604

0.364–1.002

0.051

 6–12 years

0.4555

0.294–0.707

< 0.001

 >12 years

0.153

0.092–0.254

< 0.001

Employment

 Unemployed

Reference

 Employed

0.964

0.728–1.277

0.798

Body mass index

0.964

0.940–0.989

0.005

Physical activity

 Low

Reference

 Intermediate

0.642

0.484–0.851

0.002

 High

0.526

0.376–0.736

< 0.001

Alcohol use

 No

Reference

 Yes

1.394

1.064–1.825

0.016

Tobacco use

 Never

Reference

 Quitted

6.131

4.184–8.984

< 0.001

 Yes

8.536

6.493–11.220

< 0.001

Diabetes mellitus

 No

Reference

 Yes

0.869

0.640–1.178

0.366

Hypertension

 No

Reference

 Yes

1.232

0.920–1.649

0.161

Dyslipidemia

 No

Reference

 Yes

0.963

0.736–1.259

0.782

Cerebral vascular accident

 No

Reference

 Yes

1.632

0.800–3.331

0.178

Chronic kidney disease

 No

Reference

 Yes

0.742

0.256–2.150

0.583