Table 1 Comparisons of Baseline Characteristics Received ACE inhibitor, ARB, or Thiazide After Propensity Score Matching in South Korea and the United States

Socio-demographics

 Male

13 766 (64.3)

369 687 (64.0)

< 0.01

1 065 196 (50.0)

1 077 917 (50.1)

< 0.01

 < 45 years

8 607 (40.2)

232 210 (40.2)

< 0.01

752 029 (35.3)

761 642 (35.4)

< 0.01

 ≥ 45 years

12 803 (59.8)

345 427 (59.8)

< 0.01

1 378 364 (64.7)

1 389 889 (64.6)

< 0.01

Medical history

 Diabetes mellitus

6 508 (30.4)

186 576 (32.3)

0.04

430 339 (20.2)

436 760 (20.3)

< 0.01

 Hyperlipidemia

13 017 (60.8)

358 134 (62.0)

0.02

1 024 719 (48.1)

1 041 341 (48.4)

< 0.01

 Ischemic heart disease

3 511 (16.4)

91 266 (15.8)

0.02

61 781 (2.9)

60 242 (2.8)

< 0.01

 Atrial fibrillation

513 (2.4)

13 863 (2.4)

< 0.01

44 738 (2.1)

45 182 (2.1)

< 0.01

 Chronic kidney disease

471 (2.2)

14 440 (2.5)

0.02

70 302 (3.3)

73 152 (3.4)

< 0.01

 Cerebrovascular disease

1 370 (6.4)

39 279 (6.8)

0.01

85 215 (4.0)

86 061 (4.0)

< 0.01

 Depressive disorder

1 477 (6.9)

41 589 (7.2)

0.01

140 605 (6.6)

142 001 (6.6)

< 0.01

 Anxiety disorder

2 012 (9.4)

54 875 (9.5)

< 0.01

104 389 (4.9)

105 425 (4.9)

< 0.01

Medication use

 Antidiabetics

7 900 (36.9)

228 744 (39.6)

0.06

317 428 (14.9)

318 426 (14.8)

< 0.01

 Lipid-lowering agents

9 056 (42.3)

250 116 (43.3)

0.02

594 379 (27.9)

602 428 (28.0)

< 0.01

 Anti-thrombotic agents

13 402 (62.6)

362 756 (62.8)

< 0.01

134 214 (6.3)

133 394 (6.2)

< 0.01

 Antidepressants

2 783 (13.0)

77 981 (13.5)

0.01

328 080 (15.4)

327 032 (15.2)

< 0.01

 Anxiolytics

5 630 (26.3)

151 918 (26.3)

< 0.01

189 605 (8.9)

189 334 (8.8)

< 0.01

Patients Received ACE inhibitors or Thiazide

No. (%)

South Korea

United States

Characteristics

ACE inhibitor

(n = 9 852)

Thiazide

(n = 70 491)

aSMD

ACE inhibitor

(n = 1 777 108)

Thiazide

(n = 1 864 047)

aSMD

Socio-demographics

 Male

5 408 (54.9)

39 545 (56.1)

0.03

662 861 (37.3)

699 017 (37.5)

< 0.01

 < 45 years

3 566 (36.2)

25 024 (35.5)

0.01

630 873 (35.5)

680 377 (36.5)

0.04

 ≥ 45 years

6 286 (63.8)

45 466 (64.5)

0.01

1 146 235 (64.5)

1 183 670 (63.5)

0.04

Medical history

 Diabetes mellitus

2 157 (21.9)

17 058 (24.2)

0.05

188 373 (10.6)

193 860 (10.4)

< 0.01

 Hyperlipidemia

4 738 (48.1)

35 597 (50.5)

0.05

639 758 (36.0)

665 464 (35.7)

< 0.01

 Ischemic heart disease

886 (9.0)

6 837 (9.7)

0.03

31 987 (1.8)

33 552 (1.8)

< 0.01

 Atrial fibrillation

177 (1.8)

1 409 (2.0)

< 0.01

30 210 (1.7)

29 824 (1.6)

< 0.01

 Chronic kidney disease

98 (1.0)

775 (1.1)

< 0.01

35 542 (2.0)

35 416 (1.9)

0.01

 Cerebrovascular disease

610 (6.2)

4 581 (6.5)

0.02

53 313 (3.0)

52 193 (2.8)

0.01

 Depressive disorder

817 (8.3)

5 850 (8.3)

< 0.01

149 277 (8.4)

152 851 (8.2)

< 0.01

 Anxiety disorder

1 123 (11.4)

7 824 (11.1)

0.01

97 740 (5.5)

100 658 (5.4)

< 0.01

Medication use

 Antidiabetics

2 226 (22.6)

17 834 (25.3)

0.06

108 403 (6.1)

111 842 (6.0)

< 0.01

 Lipid-lowering agents

2 699 (27.4)

20 583 (29.2)

0.04

300 331 (16.9)

316 888 (17.0)

< 0.01

 Anti-thrombotic agents

5 773 (58.6)

41 237 (58.5)

< 0.01

70 969 (4.5)

80 154 (4.3)

0.01

 Antidepressants

1 418 (14.4)

10 150 (14.4)

< 0.01

312 771 (17.6)

318 752 (17.1)

0.01

 Anxiolytics

3 014 (30.6)

20 865 (29.6)

0.02

181 265 (10.2)

186 404 (10.0)

0.01