Table 2 Differences of social-demographic and clinical characteristics of participants between high HPL group and low HPL group
From: Determinants and outcomes of health-promoting lifestyle among people with schizophrenia
Characteristics | low HPL group (n = 267) | high HPL group (n = 271) | χ2/t | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 45.06 ± 11.31 | 44.34 ± 11.60 | 0.733 | 0.464 |
Gender, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.923 | 0.337 |
 Male | 120 (44.9) | 133 (49.1) |  |  |
 Female | 147 (55.1) | 138 (50.9) |  |  |
Employment status, n (%) | Â | Â | 11.955 | 0.001 |
 Yes | 46 (17.2) | 81 (29.9) |  |  |
 No | 221 (82.8) | 190 (70.1) |  |  |
Education levels, n (%) |  |  | 30.620 | < 0.001 |
 Primary education or below | 126 (47.2) | 67 (24.7) |  |  |
 Secondary education | 76 (28.5) | 98 (36.2) |  |  |
 Higher education | 65 (24.3) | 106 (39.1) |  |  |
Marriage status, n (%) | Â | Â | 1.307 | 0.520 |
 Single | 118 (44.2) | 110 (40.6) |  |  |
 Marriage | 127 (47.6) | 142 (52.4) |  |  |
 Others | 22 (8.2) | 19 (7.0) |  |  |
Tobacco consumption, n (%) | Â | Â | 1.296 | 0.255 |
 Yes | 47 (17.6) | 38 (14.0) |  |  |
 No | 220 (82.4) | 233 (86.0) |  |  |
Alcohol consumption, n (%) | Â | Â | 2.645 | 0.104 |
 Yes | 18 (6.7) | 29 (10.7) |  |  |
 No | 249 (93.3) | 242 (89.3) |  |  |
BMI (Kg/m2) | 24.79 ± 3.90 | 25.01 ± 7.47 | -0.424 | 0.672 |
Illness duration (years) | 17.84 ± 10.02 | 16.0 ± 10.82 | 2.043 | 0.042 |
Antipsychotics treatments, n (%) | Â | Â | 13.748 | 0.003 |
 None | 54 (20.2) | 26 (9.6) |  |  |
 FGA only | 11 (4.1) | 12 (4.4) |  |  |
 SGA only | 162 (60.7) | 198 (73.1) |  |  |
 Both | 40 (15.0) | 35 (12.9) |  |  |
High waist circumference, n (%) | Â | Â | 1.481 | 0.224 |
 Yes | 120 (44.9) | 136 (50.2) |  |  |
 No | 147 (55.1) | 135 (49.8) |  |  |
High blood pressure, n (%) |  |  | 31.891 | < 0.001 |
 Yes | 145 (54.3) | 82 (30.3) |  |  |
 No | 122 (45.7) | 189 (69.7) |  |  |
Hypertriglyceridemia, n (%) |  |  | 40.454 | < 0.001 |
 Yes | 186 (69.7) | 115 (42.4) |  |  |
 No | 81 (30.3) | 156 (57.6) |  |  |
Low-HDL-C, n (%) | Â | Â | 1.104 | 0.293 |
 Yes | 54 (20.2) | 65 (24.0) |  |  |
 No | 213 (79.8) | 206 (76.0) |  |  |
High fasting glucose, n (%) | Â | Â | 6.224 | 0.013 |
 Yes | 138 (51.7) | 111 (41.0) |  |  |
 No | 129 (48.3) | 160 (59.0) |  |  |
PA level, n (%) |  |  | 62.901 | < 0.001 |
 Low PA | 158 (59.2) | 73 (26.9) |  |  |
 Moderate PA | 74 (27.7) | 105 (38.8) |  |  |
 Vigorous PA | 35 (13.1) | 93 (34.3) |  |  |
ULS total score | 50.37 ± 6.43 | 45.38 ± 8.48 | 7.694 | < 0.001 |