Table 4 Within group comparisons for each group before and after the intervention
Variable | Before or after intervention | EG(n = 78)Mean (SD) | t | P | CG(n = 76)Mean (SD) | t | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CD-RISC | Before | 49.15 (8.85) | -6.968 | 0.000*** | 49.99 ( 9.20) | 0.365 | 0.716 |
After | 54.96 (10.39) | 49.87 (9.36) | |||||
Toughness | Before | 26.14 (4.86) | -4.632 | 0.000*** | 26.91 (5.34) | -1.203 | 0.233 |
After | 28.63 (6.22) | 27.12 (5.88) | |||||
Strength | Before | 14.91 (4.07) | -5.496 | 0.000*** | 14.88 (4.17) | 0.428 | 0.670 |
After | 17.00 (4.48) | 14.80 (3.74) | |||||
Optimism | Before | 8.10 ± 2.38) | -4.579 | 0.000*** | 8.20 (2.50) | 1.530 | 0.130 |
After | 9.33 (2.84) | 7.95 (2.32) | |||||
ISMI | Before | 66.17 (9.41) | 5.257 | 0.000*** | 66.95 (10.42) | -0.076 | 0.940 |
After | 60.38 (10.19) | 66.97 (10.60) | |||||
Alienation | Before | 15.26 (3.12) | 2.756 | 0.007** | 14.70 (3.97) | 0.267 | 0.790 |
After | 14.23 (3.47) | 14.66 (4.03) | |||||
Stereotype Endorsement | Before | 14.51 (3.60) | 3.161 | 0.002** | 14.34 (4.06) | -1.052 | 0.296 |
After | 13.26 (3.54) | 14.51 (3.85) | |||||
Perceived Discrimination | Before | 9.03 (2.11) | 5.752 | 0.000*** | 9.61 (2.57) | -1.849 | 0.068 |
After | 7.81 (1.91) | 9.78 (2.57) | |||||
Social Withdrawal | Before | 13.91 (3.79) | 2.509 | 0.014* | 14.97 (3.50) | 1.806 | 0.075 |
After | 12.91 (3.76) | 14.77 (3.28) | |||||
Stigma Resistance | Before | 13.46 (3.19) | 3.433 | 0.001** | 0.652 | 0.940 | |
After | 12.18 (3.26) | 13.25 (3.27) | |||||
RSES | Before | 22.51 (4.02) | -6.873 | 0.000*** | 22.67 (4.31) | -0.806 | 0.423 |
After | 26.18 (4.06) | 22.91 (4.07) |