Table 8 Mediation analysis and Karlson-Holm-Breen (KHB) decomposition of Big Five personality mediating the associations between dimensions of family health and smoking behaviors

Family social/emotional health processes

 Family health → mediator coefficient

0.375^*

0.272^*

0.145^*

0.118^*

0.353^*

 Mediator → smoking coefficient

0.006^*

-0.001

0.001

0.006^*

-0.007

 Indirect effect, β

0.002^*

-0.000

0.000

0.001^*

-0.002

 Direct effect, β

-0.002

0.001

0.001

-0.000

0.003

 Total effect, β

0.001

0.001

0.001

0.001

0.001

 Sobel test

3.433^*

-0.379

0.456

4.066^*

-3.322

KHB decomposition

 Proportion of mediation effect (%)

79.33

--

--

20.67

--

Family healthy lifestyle

 Family health → mediator coefficient

0.155^*

0.198^*

0.519^*

0.481^*

0.056^*

 Mediator → smoking coefficient

0.004

-0.001

-0.006

0.006

-0.003

 Indirect effect, β

0.001

-0.000

-0.003

0.003

-0.000

 Direct effect, β

0.003

0.003^*

0.006^*

0.000

0.003

 Total effect, β

0.003

0.003

0.003

0.003

0.003

 Sobel test

2.507

-0.881

-2.752

2.752

-2.112

KHB decomposition

 Proportion of mediation effect (%)

--

--

--

--

--

Family health resources

 Family health → mediator coefficient

0.123^*

0.119^*

0.173^*

0.128^*

0.077^*

 Mediator → smoking coefficient

0.001

-0.004

-0.004

0.003^*

-0.005

 Indirect effect, β

0.000

-0.000

-0.001

0.000

-0.000

 Direct effect, β

0.012^*

0.012^*

0.013^*

0.012^*

0.012^*

 Total effect, β

0.012^*

0.012^*

0.012^*

0.012^*

0.012^*

 Sobel test

0.876

-2.361

-2.767

1.644

-3.377

KHB decomposition

 Proportion of mediation effect (%)

--

--

--

--

--

Family external social supports

 Family health → mediator coefficient

0.064^*

0.086^*

0.078^*

0.051^*

0.037^*

 Mediator → smoking coefficient

0.006^*

0.004

0.004

0.008^*

-0.002

 Indirect effect, β

0.000^*

0.000

0.000

0.000^*

-0.000

 Direct effect, β

-0.006^*

-0.006^*

-0.006^*

-0.006^*

-0.006^*

 Total effect, β

-0.006^*

-0.006^*

-0.006^*

-0.006^*

-0.006^*

 Sobel test

4.460^*

2.213

2.409

5.214^*

-1.035

KHB decomposition

 Proportion of mediation effect (%)

56.95

--

--

43.05

--