Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics and antibody levels of clozapine-treated patients with TRS, clozapine-naïve patients with TRS and clozapine-naïve patients with nTRS

Demographic

Gender(M/F)

16/19

18/21

19/18

0.29(0.865)

0.970

0.632

0.650

Age (years)

30.37 ± 9.08

30.54 ± 8.59

32.65 ± 10.45

0.513(0.513)

1.000

0.919

0.990

Education (years)

12.73 ± 2.91

10.79 ± 2.97

10.30 ± 2.77

7.10(0.001**)

0.014*

0.002**

1.000

Clinical

Duration of illness (years)

7.54 ± 6.67

10.13 ± 6.96

13.51 ± 9.55

5.26(0.007**)

0.479

0.005**

0.188

Medication (CPZE mg/day)

447.00 ± 223.51

620.96 ± 232.79

534.46 ± 242.52

5.00(0.008**)

0.007**

0.344

0.377

Clozapine dose (mg/day)

–

–

270.27 ± 82.04

–

–

–

–

PANSS Positive

13.23 ± 5.17

22.95 ± 6.64

18.57 ± 7.44

20.58(< 0.001***)

< 0.001***

0.002**

0.012*

PANSS Negative

11.29 ± 4.39

20.74 ± 8.85

20.30 ± 8.04

F = 18.59(< 0.001***)

< 0.001***

< 0.001***

1.000

PANSS General

22.60 ± 4.60

38.05 ± 7.66

35.32 ± 8.13

49.90(< 0.001***)

< 0.001***

< 0.001***

0.281

PANSS Total

46.97 ± 9.12

82.79 ± 13.57

73.95 ± 17.31

66.26(< 0.001***)

< 0.001***

< 0.001***

0.019*

GAF

67.51 ± 7.14

44.03 ± 10.95

52.65 ± 16.91

33.63(< 0.001***)

< 0.001***

< 0.001***

0.009**

Speed of processing

35.86 ± 8.00

24.97 ± 11.46

31.97 ± 9.93

11.44(< 0.001***)

< 0.001***

0.303

0.008**

Attention/vigilance

38.23 ± 11.12

27.49 ± 11.04

28.92 ± 12.82

8.99(< 0.001***)

< 0.001***

0.003**

1.000

Working memory

37.83 ± 10.45

27.03 ± 10.77

34.81 ± 12.64

9.07(< 0.001***)

< 0.001***

0.784

0.010*

Verbal learning

32.63 ± 10.45

26.85 ± 9.34

27.76 ± 9.30

3.72(0.027*)

0.035*

0.106

1.000

Visual learning

41.34 ± 13.75

23.77 ± 11.64

26.22 ± 13.69

19.29(< 0.001***)

< 0.001***

< 0.001***

1.000

Reason and problem solving

37.37 ± 11.20

32.77 ± 12.13

34.22 ± 12.42

1.42(0.247)

0.303

0.795

1.000

Social cognition

41.89 ± 15.00

31.08 ± 10.22

38.59 ± 10.19

8.08(0.001**)

0.001**

0.733

0.021*

MCCB total score

37.43 ± 6.80

26.31 ± 8.70

31.97 ± 7.91

18.42(< 0.001***)

< 0.001***

0.012*

0.007**

Antibody levels

NMDAR Ab (pg/ml)

188.79 ± 4.05

269.37 ± 3.83

203.27 ± 3.84

137.48(< 0.001***)

< 0.001***

0.638

< 0.001***

AMPAR Ab (pg/ml)

1630.76 ± 30.43

2098.86 ± 28.80

1803.85 ± 28.92

56.14(< 0.001***)

< 0.001***

0.032*

< 0.001***

mGluR3 Ab (pg/ml)

87.03 ± 2.77

114.26 ± 2.62

82.47 ± 2.63

67.77(< 0.001***)

< 0.001***

0.105

< 0.001***

mGluR5 Ab (pg/ml)

56.71 ± 1.41

81.91 ± 1.08

61.48 ± 1.08

174.45(< 0.001***)

< 0.001***

0.502

< 0.001***