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Table 3 Standardized direct effects of the parsimonious structural equation model on the relationships between the predictors of depressive symptoms, self-harm and suicide thoughts for males

From: Are social pressure, bullying and low social support associated with depressive symptoms, self-harm and self-directed violence among adolescents? A cross-sectional study using a structural equation modeling approach

Variables

Self-harm

β

95% CI

p-value

Bullied by others, low

-0.05

-0.08/-0.03

< 0.001

Bullied online, low

-0.10

-0.13/-0.07

< 0.001

Friends support, low

0.06

0.02/0.09

0.001

Parental support, low

0.05

0.03/0.08

< 0.001

Depressive symptoms, high

0.26

0.23/0.28

< 0.001

 

Suicide thoughts

Bullied by others, low

-0.05

-0.08/-0.03

< 0.001

Bullied online, low

-0.07

-0.09/-0.04

< 0.001

Friends support, low

0.07

0.03/0.10

< 0.001

Parental support, low

0.08

0.06/0.10

< 0.001

Depressive symptoms, high

0.46

0.44/0.48

< 0.001

 

Depressive symptoms

Family economy, low

0.07

0.05/0.09

< 0.001

Parental education, high

-0.05

-0.07/-0.03

< 0.001

Pressure, high

0.44

0.42/0.47

< 0.001

Bullied others, low

-0.04

-0.06/-0.10

0.005

Bullied by others, low

-0.04

-0.07/-0.01

0.004

Bullied online, low

-0.07

-0.09/-0.04

< 0.001

Friends support, low

0.17

0.14/0.20

< 0.001

Teacher support, low

0.11

0.09/0.14

< 0.001

Parental support, low

0.11

0.09/0.13

< 0.001

 

Bullied others

Family economy, low

-0.07

-0.09/-0.04

< 0.001

Teacher support, low

-0.14

-0.17/-0.11

< 0.001

Parental support, low

-0.06

-0.08/-0.03

0.013

 

Bullied by others

Family economy, low

-0.04

-0.06/-0.01

0.004

Parental education, high

-0.03

-0.05/-0.01

0.024

Friends support, low

-0.25

-0.28/-0.22

< 0.001

Teacher support, low

-0.09

-0.12/-0.07

< 0.001

Parental support, low

-0.05

-0.08/-0.02

< 0.001

 

Bullied online

Friends support, low

-0.29

-0.32/-0.26

< 0.001

Teacher support, low

-0.10

-0.12/-0.07

< 0.001

Parental support, low

-0.07

-0.09/-0.04

0.003

 

Pressure

Family economy, low

0.05

0.02/0.08

0.002

Parental education, high

0.05

0.02/0.08

0.002

Friends support, low

0.23

0.19/0.26

< 0.001

Teacher support, low

0.25

0.22/0.27

< 0.001

 

Parental support

Family economy, low

0.23

0.20/0.25

< 0.001

Parental education, high

-0.05

-0.07/-0.02

< 0.001

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BMC Psychiatry

ISSN: 1471-244X

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