Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Quick Delay Questionnaire (C-QDQ) and ecological characteristics of reward-delay impulsivity of adults with ADHD

Table 5 Analysis of variance between diagnosis and gender on C-QDQ scores

		Male		Female	Diagnosis		Gender		Diagnosis* Gender
		Male		Female	F	P	F	P	F	P
C-QDQ total scores	ADHD		30.55 ± 6.04	32.34 ± 6.78	203.28	< 0.001***	0.38	0.538	3.08	0.080
C-QDQ total scores	HCs		20.88 ± 5.49	20.04 ± 5.39	203.28	< 0.001***	0.38	0.538	3.08	0.080
Delay aversion	ADHD		16.69 ± 3.76	17.32 ± 4.34	147.83	< 0.001***	0.10	0.753	0.98	0.324
Delay aversion	HCs		11.15 ± 3.71	10.83 ± 3.61	147.83	< 0.001***	0.10	0.753	0.98	0.324
Delay discounting	ADHD		13.86 ± 3.82	15.02 ± 3.86	133.37	< 0.001***	0.15	0.700	3.89	0.049*
Delay discounting	HCs		9.73 ± 2.52	9.21 ± 2.52	133.37	< 0.001***	0.15	0.700	3.89	0.049*

Note: C-QDQ: the Chinese version of the Quick Delay Questionnaire; HCs: healthy controls; *: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001.Two-factor factorial covariance analysis was used to compare C-QDQ scores, with age and years of education as covariables

ISSN: 1471-244X