CIA. The World Fact Book. [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/pk.html]
Federal Bureau of Statistics. Government of Pakistan. [http://www.statpak.gov.pk/depts/fbs/publications/pocket_book2006/general/introduction.pdf]
Population Census Organization. Statistics Division. Government of Pakistan. [http://www.statpak.gov.pk/depts/pco/statistics/pop_education/pop_education_sex.html]
Flaherty JA, Gaviria FM, Pathak D, Mitchell T, Wintrob R, Richman JA, Birz S: Developing instruments for cross cultural psychiatric research. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1988, 176 (5): 257-263.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kleinman AA: Anthropology and Psychiatry. The role of culture in cross cultural research on illness. British Journal of Psychiatry. 1987, 151: 447-454.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Greenhalgh T: How to read a paper: Papers that report diagnostic or screening tests. BMJ. 1997, 315 (7107): 540-543.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Ryder D, Little J, Wright B, Pearman A, Willett B: A Clinician's Compendium of Assessment Tools for Mental Health Clients from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Backgrounds. [http://www.asetts.org.au/PDF/PUBLICATIONS/Articles/Clinician%27s%20Compendium.pdf]
Faruqui RA, Wasif SA, Ahmed SH: Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire-Urdu. Preliminary report of Distress Response Team: Pakistan Association for Mental Health (PAMH), Karachi. 1997, 16-21.
Google Scholar
Faruqui RA, Wasif SA, Ahmed SH: Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Questionnaire. Preliminary report of Distress Response Team: Pakistan Association for Mental Health (PAMH), Karachi. 1997, 16-21.
Google Scholar
Guillemin F, Bombardier C, Beaton D: Cross cultural adaptations of health related quality of life measures: literature review of proposed guidelines. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 1993, 46 (12): 1417-1432. 10.1016/0895-4356(93)90142-N.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Brislin RW: Back-translation for cross-cultural research. J Cross Cult psychol. 1970, 1: 185-216. 10.1177/135910457000100301.
Article
Google Scholar
Riaz H, Reza H: The evaluation of an Urdu version of the GHQ-28. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1998, 97 (6): 427-432. 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1998.tb10027.x.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Smee S: ABC of learning and teaching in medicine: Skill based assessment. BMJ. 2003, 326 (7391): 703-706. 10.1136/bmj.326.7391.703.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Halepota AA, Wasif SA: Harvard Trauma Questionnaire Urdu translation: the only cross-culturally validated screening instrument for the assessment of trauma and torture and their sequelae. J Pak Med Assoc. 2001, 51 (8): 285-290.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ali BS, Reza H, Khan MM, Jehan I: Development of an indigenous screening instrument in Pakistan: the Aga Khan University Anxiety and Depression Scale. J Pak Med Assoc. 1998, 48 (9): 261-265.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ali BS: Validation of an indigenous screening questionnaire for anxiety and depression in an urban squatter settlement of Karachi. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan. 1998, 8 (5): 207−210-
Google Scholar
Ali BS: Validation of an indigenous screening questionnaire for anxiety and depression in an Urban squatter settlement of Karachi. Dissertation College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan. 1996, FCPS: 95-96. Appendix I.
Google Scholar
Karmaliani R, Bann CM, Pirani F, Akhtar S, Bender RH, Goldberg RL, Moss N: Diagnostic validity of two instruments for assessing depression and anxiety among pregnant women in Hyderabad, Pakistan. Accepted for publication by Health Care for Women International.
Mumford DB, Ayub M, Karim R, Izhar N, Asif A, Bavington JT: Development and validation of a questionnaire for anxiety and depression in Pakistan. J Affect Disord. 2005, 88 (2): 175-182. 10.1016/j.jad.2005.05.015.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Qayyum R: Measurement of depression - utility of a locally developed psychometric tool. Dissertation College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan. 2000
Google Scholar
Siddiqui S: The assessment of attributional style of depressives and non-depressives through an indigenously developed depression scale. Thesis Quaid-i-Azam Univeristy Islamabad. 1992, 129, Annexure V-
Google Scholar
Mumford DB, Saeed K, Ahmad I, Latif S, Mubbashar MH: Stress and psychiatric disorder in rural Punjab. A community survey. Br J Psychiatry. 1997, 170 (5): 473-478.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mumford DB, Bavington JT, Bhatnagar KS, Hussain Y, Mirza S, Naraghi MM: The Bradford Somatic Inventory. A multi-ethnic inventory of somatic symptoms reported by anxious and depressed patients in Britain and the Indo-Pakistan subcontinent. Br J Psychiatry. 1991, 158: 379-386.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mumford DB, Minhas FA, Akhtar I, Akhter S, Mubbashar MH: Stress and psychiatric disorder in urban Rawalpindi: Community survey. Br J Psychiatry. 2000, 177 (6): 557-562. 10.1192/bjp.177.6.557.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Saeed K, Mubbashar SS, Dogar I, Mumford DB, Mubbashar MH: Comparison of self-reporting questionnaire and Bradford Somatic Inventory as screening instruments for psychiatric morbidity in community settings in Pakistan. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan. 2001, 11: 229-231.
Google Scholar
Mumford DB, Tareen IA, Bhatti MR, Bajwa MA, Ayub M, Pervaiz T: An investigation of 'functional' somatic symptoms among patients attending hospital medical clinics in Pakistan--II. Using somatic symptoms to identify patients with psychiatric disorders. J Psychosom Res. 1991, 35 (2-3): 257-264. 10.1016/0022-3999(91)90079-4.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mumford DB, Nazir M, Jilani FU, Baig IY: Stress and psychiatric disorder in the Hindu Kush: a community survey of mountain villages in Chitral, Pakistan. Br J Psychiatry. 1996, 168 (3): 299-307.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Faruqui RA, Wasif SA, Ahmed SH: Development of an Urdu Interview Schedule for the diagnosis of Acute Stress Reaction in Pakistani Poulation. Unpublished study.
Qadir F, DeSilva P, Prince M, Khan M: Marital satisfaction in Pakistan. Sexual and Relationship Therapy. 2005, 20 (2): 195-209. 10.1080/14681990500113260.
Article
Google Scholar
Choudry IY, Mumford DB: A pilot study of eating disorders in Mirpur (Pakistan) using an Urdu version of the Eating Attitudes Test. International Journal of Eating Disorders. 1992, 11 (3): 243−251-10.1002/1098-108X(199204)11:3<243::AID-EAT2260110307>3.0.CO;2-P.
Article
Google Scholar
Minhas F, Mubbashar MH: Validation of General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) in primary care settings of Pakistan. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan. 1996, 6: 133-136.
Google Scholar
Mumford DB, Tareen IA, Bajwa MA, Bhatti MR, Karim R: The translation and evaluation of an Urdu version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1991, 83 (2): 81-85. 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1991.tb07370.x.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nayani S: The evaluation of psychiatric illness in Asian patients by the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale. British Journal of Psychiatry. 1989, 155: 545-547.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Halepota AA, Wasif SA: Hopkins Symptoms Checklist 25(HSCL-25) Urdu translation: an instrument for detecting anxiety and depression in torture and trauma victims. J Pak Med Assoc. 2001, 51 (7): 255-257.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Prigerson H, Ahmed I, Saxena AK, Maciejewski PK, Jacobs SC, Kasl SV, Aqeel N, Hamirani M: Rates and risks of complicated grief among psychiatric clinic patients in Karachi, Pakistan. Death Studies. 2002, 26: 1-12. 10.1080/07481180290106571.
Article
Google Scholar
Hussain N, Gater R, Tomenson B, Creed F: Comparison of the Personal Health Questionnaire and the Self Reporting Questionnaire in rural Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc. 2006, 56 (8): 366-370.
Google Scholar
Husain N, Creed F, Tomenson B: Adverse social circumstances and depression in people of Pakistani origin in the UK. Br J Psychiatry. 1997, 171 (5): 434-438.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Husain N, Creed F, Tomenson B: Depression and social stress in Pakistan. Psychological Medicine. 2000, 30: 395-402. 10.1017/S0033291700001707.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Samad L, Hollis C, Prince M, Goodman R: Child and adolescent psychopathology in a developing country: testing the validity of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (Urdu version). Int J Methods Psychiatr Res. 2005, 14 (3): 158-166. 10.1002/mpr.3.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Minhas F, Iqbal K, Mubbashar MH: Validation of self-reporting questionnaire in primary care setting of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 1995, 5: 60-69.
Google Scholar
Rahman A, Iqbal Z, Waheed W, Hussain N: Translation and cultural adaptation of health questionnaires. J Pak Med Assoc. 2003, 53 (4): 142-147.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Khan MNS, Akhter MS, Ayub M, Alam S, Laghari NU: Translation and validation of quality of life scale, the brief version. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2003, 13 (2): 98-100.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dean C, Surtees PG, Sashidharan SP: Comparison of research diagnostic system in an Edinburgh community sample. British Journal of Psychiatry. 1983, 142: 247-256.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bhui K, Bhugra D, Goldberg D: Cross-cultural validity of the Amritsar Depression Inventory and the General Health Questionnaire amongst English and Punjabi primary care attenders. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. 2000, 35: 248-254. 10.1007/s001270050235.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar